胜任力导向的医学教育作为第三代医学教育的重要特征受到高度关注,不同国家加大研究与实践力度,先后提出了医学教育的胜任力框架和医学教育里程碑,提出了置信职业行为用于住院医师培训和能力评价。本文概述了医学教育的胜任力框架和医学教育里程碑,回顾了置信职业行为在毕业后医学教育中的应用,并重点讨论了置信职业行为在本科医学教育阶段的应用。本文认为,置信职业行为在本科医学教育阶段的课程设计、能力评价等方面正在发挥着越来越重要的作用;在本科医学教育阶段,恰当的EPAs项目有助于医学生在情境化环境下学习,提升职业素养,以加强本科医学教育和毕业后医学教育的有效衔接。本科医学教育阶段恰当的引入核心EPAs项目,具有可行性和重要意义。
Competency-based medical education (CBME), as a characteristic of the third generation of medical education, has received considerable attention. Various countries have intensified their research efforts, successively proposing competency frameworks and Milestones for medical education, and suggesting the use of entrustable professional activities (EPAs) for resident training and competency evaluation. This review summarizes the competency frameworks and milestones in medical education, reviews the application of EPAs in postgraduate education, and focuses on the application of EPAs in the undergraduate education phase. It highlights the increasingly important role that EPAs are playing in curriculum design and competency evaluation at the undergraduate level. Appropriately designed EPA projects at the undergraduate level can facilitate medical students' learning in contextualized environments, enhance their professional competence, and strengthen the effective connection between undergraduate and postgraduate education. The introduction of core EPA projects at the undergraduate level is feasible and of great significance.
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