目的 了解医学研究生对学术诚信的态度及其影响因素,以期为促进学术诚信建设提供参考。方法 2021年10月至2023年10月,采用整群抽样方法,对华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院研究生进行问卷调查。基于生物-心理-社会医学模式,采用χ²检验和二分类logistic回归分析医学研究生的个人因素、心理因素、社会因素对其学术诚信态度的影响。结果 共有1 151名研究生参与本研究。14.2%(163/1 151)的研究生学术诚信的态度有潜在风险。回归分析显示,在个人因素方面,各组研究生之间的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。在心理因素方面,发表文章压力小的研究生在学术诚信态度上有潜在风险的可能性是发表文章压力大的研究生的0.65倍(OR=0.65,95%CI=0.44~0.98)。在社会因素方面,自感科研氛围好的研究生在学术诚信态度上有潜在风险的可能性是自感科研氛围差的研究生的0.46倍(OR=0.46,95%CI=0.29~0.73);最近1年参加过学术诚信培训的研究生在学术诚信态度上有潜在风险的可能性是未参加学生诚信培训的研究生的0.66倍(OR=0.66,95%CI=0.45~0.96);最近1年收到过代写代发论文广告的研究生在学术诚信态度上有潜在风险的可能性是未收到相关广告的研究生的2.67倍(OR=2.67,95%CI=1.87~3.80)。结论 少数医学研究生学术诚信的态度有潜在风险。建议通过减轻发表文章压力、营造良好科研氛围、积极开展学术诚信教育以及严厉打击学位论文买卖、代写行为等,降低学术不端行为的发生风险。

Objective To investigate the attitude and influencing factors on academic integrity for medical postgraduates, as well as to inform the promotion of academic integrity. Methods A survey was conducted among graduate students by the cluster sampling at Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science & Technology, between October 2021 and October 2023. The Bio-psychological-social medical model was utilized to evaluate the effects of social, psychological, and personal factors on medical postgraduates' attitudes toward academic integrity. Data were analyzed using chi-square test and binary logistic regression. Results A total of 1 151 graduate students participated in this study. 14.2% (163/1 151) of respondents exhibited potential risky attitudes toward academic integrity. The logistic regression analysis showed no significant variation between personal factors (all P＞0.05). Psychologically, graduate students with less pressure to publish were 0.65 times more likely to display potential risky attitudes toward academic integrity than those with high pressure (OR=0.65, 95% CI=0.44-0.98). Socially, graduate students who perceived a positive research environment were 0.46 times more likely to exhibit potential risky attitudes toward academic integrity than those in a poor climate (OR=0.46, 95%CI=0.29-0.73). Those who had participated in research training in the last year were 0.66 times more likely to have potential risky attitudes toward academic integrity than those without such training (OR=0.66 , 95% CI=0.45-0.96). Graduate students exposed to advertisements for paper writing or publishing in the last year were 2.67 times more likely to have potential risky attitudes toward academic integrity than those who had not received relevant advertisements (OR=2.67, 95% CI=1.87-3.80). Conclusions The attitudes of a minority of medical graduate students toward academic integrity are at potential risk. Reducing publication pressure, fostering a supportive research environment, promoting research integrity education, and curbing the commercialization of academic work may help reduce the incidence of academic misconduct.