目的 探究医学生职业认同在医患关系紧张性感知与从医意愿之间的中介作用,为更好地培养医学专业人才、稳定专业队伍提供参考。方法 2022年12月至2023年3月,采用整群抽样方法以黑龙江省某医科大学五年制临床医学专业二年级至五年级本科生为研究对象,调查其职业认同、医患关系紧张性感知和从医意愿的状况。采用单因素方差分析、独立样本t检验和Pearson相关分析进行数据分析;采用SPSS 26.0中PROCESS插件验证医学生职业认同、医患关系紧张性感知、从医意愿之间的作用路径。结果 最终纳入分析的971名医学生的职业认同评分为(3.44±0.50)分,医患关系紧张性感知评分为(2.94±0.62)分,从医意愿评分为(2.47±0.54)分,医学生医患关系紧张性感知对从医意愿有负向预测作用(β＝-0.17,P＜0.001),职业认同在医患关系紧张性感知与从医意愿之间起部分中介作用(β＝-0.03,P＜0.001)。结论 本研究结果显示,医学生职业认同处于中等偏上水平,仍然有进一步提升的空间。医学生医患关系紧张性感知与从医意愿呈负相关。医学生职业认同在医患关系紧张性感知与从医意愿之间具有中介作用。
Objective This study aims to explore the mediating role of medical students' professional identity between their perception of tension in doctor-patient relationships and their willingness to pursue a medical career, so as to inform better training of medical professionals and stabilizing the professional team. Methods From December 2022 to March 2023, a cluster sampling method was used to enroll undergraduate students from the second to fifth year of the five-year clinical medicine program at a medical university in Heilongjiang Province. The study investigated their professional identity, perception of tension in doctor-patient relationships, and willingness to pursue a medical career. Data analysis was conducted using one-way ANOVA, independent sample t-tests, and Pearson correlation analysis. The PROCESS plugin in SPSS 26.0 was utilized to verify the pathways among medical students' professional identity, perception of tension in doctor-patient relationships, and willingness to practice medicine. Results The final analysis included 971 medical students. The scores for professional identity were (3.44±0.50), perception of tension in doctor-patient relationships were (2.94±0.62), and willingness to practice medicine were (2.47±0.54). The perception of tension in doctor-patient relationships had a negative predictive effect on the willingness to practice medicine (β=-0.17, P<0.001), and professional identity played a partial mediating role between the perception of tension in doctor-patient relationships and willingness to practice medicine (β=-0.03, P<0.001). Conclusions The study reveals that medical students' professional identity is at a moderately high level with room for further improvement. There is a negative correlation between medical students' perception of tension in doctor-patient relationships and their willingness to practice medicine. Professional identity has a mediating effect between the perception of tension in doctor-patient relationships and the willingness to practice medicine.
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