医师的职业行为对于医疗服务质量和患者健康至关重要,是继续医学教育的重要关注点。深入探究医师职业行为背后的主观决策机制,是理解和预测职业行为的关键所在。计划行为理论作为广泛应用且验证有效的理论框架,为职业行为研究拓展了视野。本文在系统梳理国内外相关研究的基础上,运用计划行为理论,基于态度、主观规范和知觉行为控制3个模块,剖析职业行为的影响因素和形成机制。研究表明,医师对于职业行为能否改善患者健康的评估,患者及其家属施加的社会压力,以及医师自身的专业知识技能和对职业行为过程的控制能力,均对医师职业行为产生重要影响。基于此,总结了医师职业行为的教育策略,旨在为未来医师职业行为的继续医学教育提供理论和实践依据。
Physician′s professional behavior, a significant focus of continuing medical education, greatly impacts the quality of healthcare and the health outcomes of patients. Exploring the subjective decision-making mechanisms of physicians′ professional behavior is key to understanding and predicting them. The theory of planned behavior is a theoretical framework commonly used and widely proven effective, which broadened the theoretical perspective for professional behavior research. Drawing from a systematic review of relevant research, the study analyzed the influencing factors and formation mechanisms of professional behaviors from three perspectives: attitudes toward professional behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control based on the theory of planned behavior. Findings indicated that physicians′ assessment of whether their professional behaviors can improve patients′ health, the social pressure from patients and their families, as well as physicians′ knowledge and skills and control over the practice process exerted significant influence on their professional behaviors. Based on the above three perspectives, the study summarized the educational strategies for professional behaviors, aiming to provide theoretical and practical basis for future research on the continuing medical education of physicians′ professional behavior.
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