目的 调查了解医学研究生的导学关系现状,为优化导学关系提供参考。方法 自行设计调查问卷,2022年3至5月对浙江省某高校附属医院的2019级至2021级的491名医学研究生进行调查,了解其导学关系。采用秩和检验对调查结果进行统计学处理。结果 共有456名研究生参与本调查。252名(55.3%)研究生可以达到至少每周与导师单独沟通1次,389名(85.3%)研究生对导学关系现状较为满意,445名(97.6%)医学研究生与导师沟通内容主要集中于学业。年龄段在35至45岁的导师导学交流充分度评分为5.0(4.0,5.0),高于56至60岁年龄段导师的4.0(3.0,5.0),其差异具有统计学意义(H=3.23, P=0.013)。导师太忙指导不足 [338名(74.1% )]、研究生不主动求学[205名(45.0%)]是研究生认为出现导学问题的两大主要原因。为研究生提供更多有效的学业指导[321名(70.4%)]、研究生更加勤奋并主动地联系导师寻求指导[291名(63.8%)]以及导学双方互动交流共同营造良好的导学氛围[318名(69.7%)]是研究生认为促进导学关系的有效方式。结论 医学研究生与其导师沟通良好,大部分研究生对导学关系现状较为满意,导学双方沟通内容较为单一。导学问题的产生研究生和导师均有责任,提升导学双方沟通频率、扩展沟通内容、加强互动并营造良好的氛围是优化导学关系的重要方向。

Objective To investigate the current state of mentoring relationship among medical postgraduates, providing insights for optimizing postgraduate mentorship. Methods A self-designed survey questionnaire covered 491 medical postgraduates from grade 2019 to 2021 at an affiliated hospital of a university in Zhejiang Province from March to May 2022, in order to understand the features of their mentoring relationship. Rank sum test is applied to statistically process the survey results. Results A total of 456 valid questionnaires were collected as a result. Out of the participants, 252(55.3%) postgraduates reported communicating with their mentors at least once a week. Furthermore, 389(85.3%) postgraduates were satisfied with the current status of the relationship, and 445(97.6%) mainly focused on academic communication with their mentors. The adequacy of guidance and communication among mentors aged 35 to 45 was 5 (4, 5), which was higher than 4 (3, 5) in the age group of 56 to 60, and the difference was statistically significant (H=3.23, P=0.013). The two primary reasons for the occurrence of guidance problems were identified as mentor being overwhelmed with busy schedules and lacking guidance [338(74.1%)] and students not actively seeking educational support [205(45.0%)]. Effective strategies to improve mentoring relationships included providing more targeted academic guidance for postgraduates [321(70.4%)], encouraging students to be more proactive in seeking guidance from mentors [291(63.8%)], and creating a conductive learning atmosphere through interaction and communication between mentors [318(69.7%)]. Conclusions Medical postgraduates have good communication with their mentors, and the majority were satisfied with the current state of their relationships. However, communication content between them was relatively one-dimensional. Both mentors and postgraduates share the responsibility for problems occurring during mentorship. Improving communication frequency, expanding communication content, strengthening interaction, and creating a good atmosphere were important directions for optimizing mentoring relationship.