目的 探讨八年制临床医学专业学生(简称医学生)神经外科执业意愿及其影响因素。方法 采用问卷调查方法。2022年6至8月,通过方便抽样方法,选取北京大学医学部八年制临床医学专业一年级至八年级的150名学生为研究对象,收集其一般资料、神经外科既往经历、对神经外科认知及其未来从事神经外科的意愿。采用多因素logistic回归分析筛选医学生神经外科执业意愿的影响因素。结果 65名(43.3%)医学生愿意从事神经外科。主观兴趣(OR=7.00, 95%CI:2.57~19.11, P<0.001)、选修神经科学课程(OR=3.68, 95%CI:1.49~9.08, P=0.005)和科研经历(OR=5.25, 95%CI:1.23~22.48, P=0.025)是医学生从事神经外科的促进因素;神经外科见习或实习经历(OR=0.31, 95%CI:0.13~0.75, P=0.009)以及职业压力(OR=0.18, 95%CI:0.04~0.94, P=0.042)是医学生从事神经外科的削弱因素。结论 主观兴趣、神经外科课程学习和科研项目的早期接触、见习和实习经历以及职业压力是医学生选择神经外科的影响因素。因此培养医学生对神经外科的学习兴趣,为其设立早期接触神经外科的课程和科研项目,提升见习和实习教学质量及其满意度,有助于提升医学生从事神经外科的意愿。
Objective To explore the willingness of eight-year program clinical medical students to practice neurosurgery and possible influencing factors. Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted among eight-year program clinical medical students from first to eighth year in Peking University Health Science Center from June 2022 to August 2022. Using cluster convenience method, the medical students who completed this survey were selected as subjects. The general information, past experience of neurosurgery, cognition of neurosurgery and willingness to engage in neurosurgery in the future were collected. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to screen out the factors that may affect the willingness to practice. Results A total of 150 students completed the questionnaire survey, of which 65 (43.3%) chose to engage in neurosurgery in the future. Interest in neuroscience (OR=7.00,95%CI: 2.57~19.11, P<0.001), elective courses of neuroscience (OR=3.68, 95%CI: 1.49~9.08, P=0.005) and research experience (OR=5.25, 95% CI: 1.23~22.48, P=0.025) were positive factors for eight-year program clinical medical students to engage in neurosurgery. On the contrary, neurosurgery internship experience (OR=0.31, 95%CI: 0.13~0.75, P=0.009) and occupational stress (OR=0.18, 95%CI: 0.04~0.94, P=0.042) were negative factors. Conclusions Interest, early contact with courses and research projects of neurosurgery, internship experience, and occupational pressure are the factors influencing medical students to choose neurosurgery. Therefore, it is recommended to cultivate the interest in neurosurgery, establish courses and research projects for early exposure to neurosurgery, improve the quality and satisfaction of internships, which will enhance the willingness of medical students to engage in neurosurgery.
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