目的 设计并实施医学生安宁疗护模拟教学,了解其教学效果。方法 在临床真实案例基础上,以美国国家护理联盟仿真模拟框架为指导设计和实施医学生安宁疗护模拟教学。采用质性研究方法,2022年1至2月,对参加安宁疗护模拟教学的21名杭州师范大学医学生进行半结构式访谈,根据Colaizzi 7步分析法分析资料并提炼主题。结果 经过分析提炼出3大主题,即模拟教学提升学生对安宁疗护内涵的认知,包括理解全人照护内涵,领悟全家照护理念,增强全队照护意识;模拟教学为安宁疗护技能提供训练场景,包括提高身体照护技能,提升沟通技巧;安宁疗护模拟教学需要优化,包括丰富案例情景和增加训练次数,增加对操作技能的指导。结论 模拟教学有助于医学生理解安宁疗护内涵,提高安宁疗护实践技能,后期可通过多学科团队合作、充实技能教学模块等进一步提升教学效果。
Objective To design and implement a simulation teaching among medical students in palliative care course and to explore its teaching effect. Methods Based on real clinical cases, a simulation teaching of palliative care course for medical students was designed and implemented under the guidance of the American National League for Nursing Simulation Framework. By using qualitative research method, from January to February, 2022, 21 medical students who participated in simulation teaching of palliative care course in Hangzhou Normal University were selected as study participants for semi-structured interview. Data were analyzed and themes were extracted according to the 7-step analysis method of Colaizzi. Results Three main themes were extracted from the data. Simulation teaching enhances the students' cognitive level of palliative care, including understanding the meaning of holistic care, comprehending the notion of whole-family care, and reinforcing the team-work awareness. Simulation teaching provides scenarios for the application of palliative care skills, including consolidating the physical care skills and improving communication skills. Suggestions for optimizing simulation teaching, including enriching case scenarios, increasing the simulation training sessions, and increasing guidance on operational skills. Conclusions Simulation teaching can help medical students understand the connotation of palliative care and improve palliative practice skills. In the future teaching, it can be further improved by multidisciplinary teamwork and enriching the modules of skills to enhance the teaching effect.
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