目的 了解临床医学专业本科生临床见习阶段批判性思维能力及其影响因素。方法 本研究采用问卷调查法。2022年1月,采用中文版批判性思维能力量表对某医学院校519名临床医学专业见习阶段本科生进行测量。采用多元线性回归等统计方法分析不同特征学生的批判性思维能力得分及其影响因素。结果 学生批判性思维总分为(277.96±35.16)分,其中240人(46.3%)表现为正性及强正性批判性思维倾向。主要影响因素包括性别、每周课后学习时间、对医学的态度、批判性思维了解程度。女生比男生批判性思维能力强(b=0.08,P=0.045);与每周课后学习时间<5小时(b=-0.11,P=0.014)相比,每周课后学习时间>5小时、对医学的态度为感兴趣(b=0.19,P<0.001)的学生批判性思维能力更强;与听说过但不了解(b=-0.15,P<0.001)和没听说过(b=-0.19,P<0.001)相比,对批判性思维了解的学生批判性思维能力更强。结论 临床见习阶段本科生的批判性思维能力有待提高,可针对课后学习时间、对医学的态度、批判性思维了解程度等影响因素,通过调整临床实习及技能学时、开设批判性思维相关课程、提高师资水平及改变教学方法等促进医学生批判性思维能力的培养。
Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of critical thinking capacity of clinical medical undergraduates during clinical probation. Methods Questionnaire survey was used. In January 2022,a total of 519 undergraduate students in clinical probation in a medical college were selected as the research subjects, and the Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory-Chinese Version was used to conduct a questionnaire survey. The scores of critical thinking capacity and its influencing factors of clinical trainees with different characteristics were obtained by multiple linear regression. Results The total score of critical thinking of these medical students was (277.96 ± 35.16), and 240(46.3%) students showed positive and strong positive tendency of critical thinking. The main influencing factors included gender, weekly after-school learning time, attitude towards medicine, and understanding of critical thinking. Women have stronger critical thinking ability than men (b=0.08,P=0.045).Compared with the weekly after class learning time<5 hours (b=-0.11, P=0.014), the students who spent more than 5 hours a week after class learning time and were interested in medicine (b=0.19, P<0.001) had stronger critical thinking ability; Compared with those who have heard about but do not understand (b=-0.15, P<0.001) and those who have not heard about (b=-0.19, P<0.001), students who know about critical thinking are more capable of critical thinking. Conclusions The critical thinking ability of medical students at the clinical probation stage needs to be improved. The cultivation and improvement of critical thinking ability of medical students can be promoted by adjusting clinical practice and skill class hours, setting up critical thinking related courses, improving the level of teachers, and changing teaching methods.
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