目的 调查分析住院医师规范化培训学员(简称住培学员)心理健康状况的影响因素。方法 本研究采用问卷调查法,于2022年2月至3月选取昆明医科大学第一附属医院住培学员为研究对象,通过抑郁-焦虑-压力量表评估抑郁、焦虑与压力症状,分析住培特征、睡眠、运动等对其心理健康的影响,并对相关数据进行卡方检验和回归分析。结果 共回收386份有效问卷。专业学位硕士研究生(201人)、委托培训学员(161人)、自主培训学员(24人)中有焦虑症状者分别为104人(51.7%)、78人(48.4%)、5人(20.8%);在其专业科室学习的学员(251人)中有抑郁、焦虑症状者分别为119人(47.4%)、134人(53.4%),高于在外轮转学员(135人)的45人(33.3%)、53人(39.3%):其差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。睡眠时长是影响住培学员抑郁[OR(95%CI)=0.298(0.163~0.546)]、焦虑[OR(95%CI)=0.369(0.198~0.685)]、压力[OR(95%CI)=0.292(0.143~0.595)]的重要因素;运动次数[OR(95%CI)=0.369(0.164~0.831)]对焦虑症状起重要影响作用:其差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论 住培学员心理健康问题检出率较高,须予以重视。睡眠、体育锻炼有利于提高学员心理健康水平,在其专业科室学习、专业学位硕士研究生学员心理健康问题更为突出,应给予关注。
Objective To investigate the mental health status of trainees in residency training programs (hereafter referred to as residency trainees) and the predictors to inform psychological intervention for residency trainees. Methods Questionnaire survey was used in this study. From February to March 2022, residency trainees from the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University were selected for the study, the depression, anxiety and stress symptoms of whom were assessed by the Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the effects of residency characteristics, sleep and exercise on their mental health were analyzed, and the relevant data were subjected to chi-square tests and regression analysis. Results A total of 386 valid questionnaires were returned. Among professional degree masters (n=201), unit-commissioned trainees (n=161), and social trainees (n=24), the proportion of trainees with anxiety symptoms was 104(51.7%), 78(48.4%), and 5(20.8%), respectively. The percentages of trainees with depression or anxiety symptoms in their own speciality department (n=251) were 119(47.4%), 134(53.4%), which were higher than 45(33.3%) and 53(39.3%) of the trainees who were rotating ((n=135). The differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Among resident trainees, sleep duration was found to significantly influence depression [OR (95% CI) = 0.298(0.163-0.546), anxiety [OR (95% CI) = 0.369(0198-0.685), and stress [OR (95% CI) = 0.292(0.143-0.595)]. The frequency of exercises had an important impact on anxiety symptoms [OR (95% CI) =0.369(0.164-0.831)]. The differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions The high detection rate of mental health problems in residency trainees must be taken seriously. Sleep and exercise are conducive to improving their mental health; mental health problems are more prominent among trainees studying in their own specialty department and professional degree masters, to which timely attention should be given.
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