目的 分析重要他人、专业承诺对护理学专业应届毕业生(以下简称护理毕业生)就业选择的影响。方法 2020年2至4月,采用问卷调查方法,对上海市4所医学院校护理毕业生477人进行线上调查。问卷由一般情况调查表、护理专业承诺量表、重要他人和就业选择调查表组成。采用多分类logistic回归分析探查不同就业选择的影响因素。结果 护理毕业生择业的最重要他人依次为父母[70.6%(337/477)]、教师[12.2%(58/477)]、同伴[9.4%(45/477)]和其他人[7.8%(37/477)]。67.9%(324/477)护理毕业生的就业选择为“医院护士”。护理毕业生专业承诺评分为(100.53±20.71)分。护理毕业生的专业承诺总分越高,越不可能选择考研(OR=0.961,95%CI=0.938~0.984)和其他无关职业(OR=0.916,95%CI=0.886~0.948);对实习带教教师的满意度越高,越不可能选择其他无关职业(OR=0.164,95%CI=0.030~0.894;OR=0.371,95%CI=0.144~0.959);教师可能是影响护理毕业生选择继续考学的最重要他人(OR=2.896,95%CI=1.212~6.920)。结论 专业承诺是影响护理毕业生就业选择的关键因素,教师对护理毕业生就业选择的影响较大。

Objective To examine the influence of professional commitment and significant others on occupation choices in graduating nurse students. Methods From February to April 2020, 477 graduating nursing students from four medical colleges or universities located in Shanghai were involved in the survey. The questionnaire items included general personal information, nursing professional commitment scale, significant others and occupation choices. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to identify influencing factors of nursing students' occupation choices. Results The significant others for nursing students' employment choices were their parents [70.6% (337/477)], teachers [12.2% (58/477)], peers [9.4% (45/477)] and others [7.8% (37/477)], respectively. The results showed that the score of professional commitment of nursing students was (100.53±20.71); the most significant others influencing nursing students' occupation choice were their parents and school teachers. The proportion of nursing students choosing “hospital nurse” as their occupation choice is 67.9%(324/477); the graduating nursing students with higher score of professional commitment are less likely to choose continuing their education as graduate students(OR=0.961, 95%CI=0.938～0.984) or other unrelated occupations(OR=0.916, 95%CI=0.886～0.948). The graduating nursing students who has higher satisfaction with their clinical teachers during the internship (OR=0.164, 95%CI=0.030～0.894; OR=0.371, 95%CI=0.144～0.959) were less likely to choose other unrelated occupations. Academic teachers (OR=2.896,95%CI=1.212~6.920) may be significant others to graduating nursing students who prefer to continue their education as graduates. Conclusions Professional commitment is a key factor affecting occupation choices of graduating nursing students, and teachers have a significant influence on nursing students' choosing occupation.