目的 探讨预防医学专业本科生心理控制源与学业自我效能感之间的关系,为提高预防医学专业本科生学习质量提供参考。方法 2021年4月,采用心理控制源量表、学业自我效能感量表对新疆某医科大学2016～2020级五年制预防医学专业220名学生进行问卷调查,通过t检验、Pearson相关分析对相关数据进行处理。结果 共有186名学生参与了本研究。预防医学专业本科生在心理控制源的内控性、机遇、有势力的他人3个维度评分分别为(32.25±4.72)分、(25.56±6.19)分、(25.23±6.80)分;本科生的学业自我效能感总分为(71.78±11.37)分,其中,学习能力自我效能感、学习行为自我效能感2个维度评分分别为(37.25±7.12)分、(34.54±5.63)分。男生在有势力的他人维度的评分[(26.94±6.39)分]高于女生[(24.14±6.85)分],其差异具有统计学意义(P=0.006)。本科生的内控性维度与学业自我效能感及其学习能力自我效能感和学习行为自我效能感2个维度的Pearson相关系数分别为0.343、0.304、0.309(均P<0.001);本科生的有势力的他人和机遇2个维度与学习能力自我效能感维度的Pearson相关系数分别为-0.208(P=0.004)、-0.232(P=0.001)。结论 预防医学专业本科生中男生对权威能够控制自己生活的相信程度高于女生,教师应注重发挥女生带动男生的作用;本科生心理控制源的内控性维度与学业自我效能感呈正相关,可以通过提高本科生相信自己能够驾驭自己生活的程度,进而提高其学业自我效能感。

Objective To explore the relationship between psychological control locus and academic self-efficacy of undergraduates majoring in preventive medicine, and to provide reference for improving the learning quality of undergraduates majoring in preventive medicine. Methods In April 2021, 220 undergraduates of preventive medicine enrolled from 2016 to 2020 by a medical university in Xinjiang were surveyed by the Chance Scale and academic self-efficacy Scale. The data were analyzed by t-test and Pearson correlation. Results A total of 186 students participated in this study. The scores of three dimensions as internal control, chance and powerful others of control locus were 32.25±4.72, 25.56±6.19 and 25.23±6.80 respectively. The total score of undergraduates' academic self-efficacy was 71.78±11.37 and the scores of learning ability self-efficacy and learning behavior self-efficacy were 37.25±7.12 and 34.54±5.63 respectively. Male students' score (26.94±6.39) was significantly higher than female students (24.14±6.85) on the dimension of powerful others (P=0.006). The Pearson correlation coefficients between the internal control dimension and academic self-efficacy, learning ability self-efficacy and learning behavior self-efficacy were 0.343, 0.304 and 0.309 respectively (all P<0.001); The Pearson correlation coefficients between the two dimensions of powerful others and chance and the dimension of self-efficacy of learning ability were -0.208 (P=0.004)and -0.232(P=0.001) respectively. Conclusions More male students believe that the authority may control their life more than female students,teachers should pay attention to the role of female students in driving male students. The internal control dimension of undergraduates' of control locus is positively correlated with academic self-efficacy,so we can improve undergraduates' academic self-efficacy by enhancing their self-confidence of controlling their life.