目的 分析高校合并后本科临床医学专业招生规模的变化,为政策制定提供参考依据。方法 根据是否经历医学院校合并,将纳入研究的68所院校分为27所合并医学院校和41所独立建制医学院校。采用描述统计的方法,分别计算不同类型医学院校1998至2010年以及2015至2019年历年校均招生规模和招生规模增长率,并按照地区、院校层次分别讨论医学院校招生规模年均增长率。结果 1998至2010年,独立建制医学院校本科临床医学专业招生规模呈持续上升趋势,年均增长率为9.3%,2015至2019年招生规模相对变缓,年均增长率为3.3%;与独立建制医学院校相反,合并医学院校招生规模历年一直保持相对稳定,年均增长率在1.0%左右浮动。近年来,独立建制医学院校校均招生规模已是合并医学院校的2倍。结论 合并医学院校招生增长率和招生人数远远低于独立建制医学院校,在综合考虑地区和院校层次的基础上,合并医学院校应当依托综合性大学优势,在教学资源允许的情况下,适当增加招生数量。独立建制的医学院校在控制单点招生规模的同时,也应当得到更多的资源投入,以缓解院校间、区域间发展不均衡的状况。

Objective To analyze the change of enrollment scale of clinical medicine after the merger of medical colleges into universities and provide reference for policy development. Methods The sixty-eight colleges included in the study were divided into 27 merged medical colleges and 41 independent medical colleges based on whether they had undergone the merger. Using the method of descriptive statistics, the annual average enrollment size and the enrollment growth rate of different types of medical colleges from 1998 to 2010 and from 2015 to 2019 are calculated respectively, and the annual average growth rate of enrollment size is discussed by geographic region and college level. Results From 1998 to 2010, the enrollment scale of undergraduate medical education in independent medical colleges showed a continuous increase with the annual growth rate of 9.3%. From 2015 to 2019, the enrollment extension slowed down with an average annual growth rate of 3.3%. However, the enrollment scale of undergraduate medical education in the merged medical colleges has remained relatively stable over the years with annual growth rate around 1.0%. In recent years, the average enrollment size by independent medical colleges has reached twice of that by merged medical colleges. Conclusions The growth rate and enrollment number of the merged medical colleges are much lower than that of the independent medical colleges. Based on the comprehensive consideration of the factors on geographic region and college level, it is necessary to encourage merged medical colleges to expand the enrollment based on education resources. What's more, independent medical colleges should receive more resources while controlling the size of single-site enrollment to alleviate the uneven development between colleges and regions.