目的 通过对护理学专业本科生实习前后的职业期望与职业成熟度的对比,探究实习阶段对学生的从业心理产生的影响,并据此找出现行教育下护理学专业本科在校教育需要改进之处。方法 以内蒙古科技大学包头医学院护理学院2017级护理学专业185名本科生为研究对象,采用问卷调查方法,分别在实习前和实习后运用职业期望量表和职业成熟度量表进行调查。采用配对样本Wilcoxon符号秩检验比较实习前后职业期望与职业成熟度总分及各维度评分。结果 实习前后护理学专业本科生的职业期望值分别为39.0(30.0,44.0)和43.0(36.0,47.0),实习后的职业期望值高于实习前,其差异具有统计学意义(P=0.003);实习前后护理学专业本科生的职业成熟度分别为104.0(98.0,115.0)和102.0(95.0,109.0),其差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 临床实习使护理学专业本科生的职业期望值有所提升,对职业成熟度无明显影响。护理院校应侧重护理学专业本科生在校学习期间职业期望的提升。

Objective To explore the impact of clinical practice training on students' psychology by comparing the career expectation and career maturity of undergraduates in nursing school before and after the internship period and to improve the education with the current education model. Methods A total of 185 undergraduate students majoring in nursing from grade 2017, School of Nursing, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology were selected as the research subjects. Questionnaire survey was conducted before and after the internship using the occupational expectation scale and the occupational maturity scale. Paired-sample Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare the total scores of career expectations and career maturity and the scores of each dimension before and after the internship. Results The career expectation of the undergraduates before and after internship training were 39.0(30.0,44.0) and 43.0(36.0,47.0) respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.003). The career maturity of nursing students before and after internship was 104.0(98.0,115.0) and 102.0(95.0,109.0) respectively and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusions Clinical practice can improve the career expectation of nursing undergraduates, but has no significant influence on career maturity. Nursing colleges should focus on the improvement of career expectations of nursing undergraduates during their studies.