目的 分析护理学专业实习学生的完成能力现状及其影响因素。方法 2020年11月至12月,选择来自北京市、山东省4家医院的护理学专业学生为研究对象,采用中文版护理学专业学生完成能力量表、护理学专业学生职业认同问卷、一般自我效能量表进行问卷调查。采用多元线性回归方法分析相关数据。结果 887名本专科护理学专业实习学生参加了调查,完成能力评分为(220.44±41.44)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示,职业认同(b=0.282, P<0.001)、自我效能(b=0.461, P<0.001)评分越高的学生完成能力越好;与户口所在地为农村和未接受过职业发展课程学习或者培训的学生相比,户口所在地为城市(b=0.087,P<0.001)、接受过职业发展课程学习或培训(b=0.067,P=0.028)的学生完成能力更佳。职业认同、自我效能、户口所在地和职业发展课程学习或培训4个变量共可以解释完成能力评分总变异的50.6%。结论 实习期护理学专业学生完成能力尚有进一步提升的空间。职业认同和自我效能对实习期护理学专业学生的完成能力产生正向影响。护理教育者可开设相关课程,多关注农村学生,并协助护理学专业学生建立专业情感,培养专业价值观从而强化职业认同并提升自我效能,进一步提高护理学专业学生的完成能力。
Objective To investigate the current situation of nursing interns' competence and to analyze the influencing factors on the building of competence. Methods From November to December 2020, nursing students from four hospitals in Beijing and Shandong were investigated by the Chinese version of Nursing Students Competence Instrument, Professional Identity Questionnaire and General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the influencing factors were analyzed by multiple linear regression. Results A total of 887 nursing students participated in the survey and the total competence score of the students was (220.44±41.44). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that the higher the professional identity (b=0.282, P<0.001) and self-efficacy (b=0.461, P<0.001), the better the competence of nursing students. Compared with nursing students trained in rural health institutions and not exposed to professional development training, nursing students trained in urban city institutions and received professional development courses or training showed better competence (b=0.087, P<0.001) and (b=0.067, P=0.028) respectively . The four variables of professional identity, self-efficacy, residence location and career development course can explain 50.6% of the total variation in completion ability score. Conclusions The competence of nursing interns is above the average level though there is still space for further improvement. Professional identity and self-efficacy have positive impacts on the competence development of nursing interns. Nursing educators can set up relevant courses and pay more attention to the students from rural area to help nursing students to establish professional emotion and to strengthen education on professional identity and self-efficacy, so as to support the capacity building of nursing students.
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