反思性实践指引下的反思行动对于医学人才的培养具有重要作用,而反思的整体性则要求个体能力的培育和反思情境的营造,但在目前的医学教育领域,缺少对反思性实践行动中各参与主体及功能要素的全面审视。为加强反思情境的营造,本文分析了生态共同体理论视域下医学院校反思性实践育人模式建构的内部逻辑,阐述了生态共同体理论视域下医学院校反思性实践育人模式的整体协调、多元开放和动态平衡的外在特征,尝试提出生态共同体理论视域下医学院校反思性实践育人模式的内外生态建设路径:平衡医学院校反思性实践育人模式内部生态,协调医学院校反思性实践育人模式外部生态,促进医学院校反思性实践育人模式内外生态双循环。
Reflective performance under the guidance of reflective theory plays an important role in the training of medical talents, while the integrity of reflection requires the cultivation of individual ability and the construction of reflection context. However, in the field of medical education, there is a lack of comprehensive examination of the participants and functional elements in reflective practice. In order to strengthen the construction of reflective context, this paper analyzes the internal logic for education mode development guided by reflective theory in medical colleges based on the perspective of ecological community theory. The article also expounds the external characteristics of the overall coordination, multiple openness and dynamic balance of education mode among reflective practice in medical colleges based on ecological community theory. The authors try to propose the internal and external ecological construction pathway for the development of education mode based on ecological community theory, which includes balancing the internal ecological in medical colleges' education mode among reflective practice, coordinating the external ecological in medical colleges'education mode among reflective practice and promoting the internal and external ecological cycle in medical colleges' education mode among reflective practice.
[1] 唐纳德·A. 舍恩. 反映的实践者: 专业工作者如何在行动中思考 [M]. 夏林清, 译. 北京: 北京师范大学出版社, 2018: 135.
[2] Murali C, Fernbach SD, Potocki L. Handing the pen to the patient: reflective writing for children and families affected by genetic conditions [J]. Am J Med Genet A, 2014, 164A (12): 3021-3026. DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.36776.
[3] Tsingos C, Bosnic-Anticevich S, Lonie JM , et al. A model for assessing reflective practices in pharmacy education [J]. Am J Pharm Educ, 2015, 79(8): 124. DOI:10.5688/ajpe798124.
[4] 畅易. 反思日记对麻醉解剖学教学效果的影响研究 [J]. 基础医学教育, 2020, 22(4): 243-244. DOI: 10.13754/j.issn2095-1450.2020.04.01.
[5] 蔡永红, 卞春梅, 顾冬梅. 反思日记带教对手术室本科护生的影响 [J]. 齐鲁护理杂志, 2015, 21(6): 117-118. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1006-7256.2015.06.061.
[6] 尹坚勤, 田燕, 陈华. “反思性实践者”:新时期学前教师教育特征解构与路径探讨 [J]. 江苏高教, 2019(12): 49-54. DOI: 10.13236/j.cnki.jshe.2019.12.007.
[7] 张蕴. 高校德育生态共同体建构的理论逻辑与实践路径 [J]. 社会科学家, 2021(5): 150-155.
[8] 国务院办公厅. 关于加快医学教育创新发展的指导意见[EB/OL]. (2020-09-17) [2021-03-02]. http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xxgk/moe_1777/moe_1778/202009/t20200923_490164.html.
[9] 教育部, 国家卫生健康委员会, 国家中医药管理局. 关于加强医教协同实施卓越医生教育培养计划2.0的意见 [EB/OL]. (2018-09-17) [2021-03-02] .http://www.moe.gov.cn/srcsite/A08/moe_740/s7952/201810/t20181017_351901.html.
[10]巩遐, 李莎. 生态哲学视阈下高校德育生态共同体建构的意义与路径探究 [J]. 湖北开放职业学院学报, 2021, 34(15): 105-107. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2096-711X.2021.15.046.
[11] 王鉴雪. 生态文明视域下大学生绿色消费与校园生态共同体构建 [J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报 (社会科学版), 2021, 23(2): 137-142. DOI: 10.16822/j.cnki.hitskb.2021.02.019.
[12]晋欣泉, 姜强, 赵蔚. 基于众包的反思性学习模式设计与实践——面向深度学习的课堂教学结构化变革研究之三 [J]. 现代远距离教育, 2020(2): 32-42. DOI: 10.13927/j.cnki.yuan.2020.0016.
[13]谢幼如, 邱艺, 刘亚纯. 人工智能赋能课堂变革的探究 [J].中国电化教育, 2021(9): 72-78.
[14]郭泳, 左成光. 实践性知识生成视角下基于ALACT反思模型的教师在职培训模式 [J]. 西部素质教育, 2020, 6(5): 113-114. DOI: 10.16681/j.cnki.wcqe.202005057.
[15]范国睿. 后大流行时代的教育生态重建 [J]. 复旦教育论坛, 2020, 18(4): 12-28. DOI: 10.13397/j.cnki.fef.2020.04.004.
[16] 屈廖健, 刘华聪. 能力测评转向:经合组织学生社会情感能力调查项目研究 [J]. 比较教育研究, 2020, 42(7): 90-97.
[17]陈丽, 郭玉娟, 高欣峰, 等. 人机协同的新时代:我国人工智能教育应用的现状与趋势 [J]. 开放学习研究, 2019, 24(5): 1-8. DOI: 10.19605/j.cnki.kfxxyj.2019.05.001.
[18]杨国勇, 高春燕, 国燕, 等. 吉布斯反思循环在手术室实习护生教学中的应用研究 [J]. 护理管理杂志, 2018, 18(3): 226-228. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-315x.2018.03.018.
[19]Colum JC, Jonathan L. Embedding experiential learning in HE sport coaching courses: an action research study [J].J Hosp Leis Sport Tour Educ, 2016, 18(1): 1-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhlste.2016.02.001.