自主学习对医学生的成长具有十分重要的作用。本文探讨了医学生自主学习的影响因素,为提高医学生自主学习能力、改进医学院校教学方法提供了依据。采用现象学研究方法,对14名医学生进行半结构化访谈,通过现象学中的柯莱兹(Colaizzi)7步资料分析法对访谈资料进行整理分析。结果显示,医学生自主学习的影响因素包括学习动机、学习兴趣、职业规划、学习成就感、寝室同伴效应、外在环境、教师。医学生自主学习的影响因素呈多样化,医学院校可以从指导体系的建立、学习型寝室的建设、教师角色定位的转变3个方面提高医学生自主学习意识和自主学习能力。

Autonomous learning plays a very important role in the academic growth of medical students. This paper discusses the influencing factors of medical students' autonomous learning, so to provide a basis for improving students' autonomous learning capacity and teaching methods. The results show that the influencing factors of medical students' autonomous learning include learning motivation, learning interest, career planing, learning achievement, peer influence of dormitory, external environment and teachers. The influencing factors of medical students' autonomous learning are diverse. Medical colleges and universities can improve students' awareness and autonomous learning from three aspects: the establishment of guidance system, the construction of learning dormitory and the change of teachers' role orientation.