本文旨在梳理国际医学专业认证有效性研究的现状,为国内医学专业认证研究及其认证体系的完善提供依据。以Web of Science核心合集中的期刊文章为研究对象,以1990年1月1日至2020年11月30日为时间范围,根据“认证影响”“有效性”“可持续质量改进”“学业表现”等关键词,筛选出23篇核心文献加以研读。结果表明,认证提升了学生学业表现、院校办学质量,同时承担着提升社会卫生健康水平的责任;仍然存在数据与研究方法局限、结果标准占比较低、区域差异较大等问题。因此建议,创新研究方法、加强标准的元评价、增进区域合作共享信息,以认证的相关研究来不断完善认证制度,促进认证的国际间交流,扩大我国医学专业认证影响力。
To review the current status of the overseas research on the validity of medical accreditation and thus to provide a basis for the improvement of medical accreditation system and concerned research. Reviewing the journal articles in the Web of Science core collection, 23 core articles were selected based on key words such as “Effectiveness”“Impact of Accreditation”“Continuous Quality Improvement”and“Academic Performance” from January 1,1990 to November 30, 2020. On the whole, accreditation improves students' academic performance, the quality of school running, and bears the responsibility of improving social health level. However, there are still some barriers, such as limitation of data and research methods, relatively low standard of results and significant regional differences. Therefore, it is recommended to innovate research methods, strengthen the meta-evaluation of standards, enhance regional cooperation in sharing information, continuously improve the accreditation system with accreditation-related research, promote the international exchange of accreditation, and expand the influence of accreditation of medical education in China.
[1] Frank JR, Taber S, van Zanten M, et al. The role of accreditation in 21st century health professions education: report of an International Consensus Group[J]. BMC Med Educ, 2020,20(Suppl 1):305. DOI: 10.1186/s12909-020-02121-5.
[2] 中华人民共和国教育部.教育部临床医学专业认证工作委员会正式通过世界医学教育联合会医学教育认证机构认定[EB/OL].(2020-06-23)[2020-11-19].http://www.moe.gov.cn/jyb_xwfb/gzdt_gzdt/s5987/202006/t20200623_467763.html.
[3] van Zanten M. The association between medical education accreditation and the examination performance of internationally educated physicians seeking certification in the United States[J]. Perspect Med Educ, 2015,4(3):142-145. DOI: 10.1007/s40037-015-0183-y.
[4] van Zanten M, McKinley D, Durante Montiel I, et al. Medical education accreditation in Mexico and the Philippines: impact on student outcomes[J]. Med Educ, 2012,46(6):586-592. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2011.04212.x.
[5] Tackett S, Boulet JR, van Zanten M. Medical School Accreditation Factors Associated With Certification by the Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates (ECFMG): a 10-year international study[J]. Acad Med, 2021,DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000004047.
[6] Shroyer AL, Lu WH, Chandran L. Drivers of dashboard development (3-d): a curricular continuous quality improvement approach[J]. Acad Med, 2016,91(4):517-521. DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000001078.
[7] Maccarrick G, Kelly C, Conroy R. Preparing for an institutional self review using the WFME standards - an international medical school case study[J]. Med Teach, 2010,32(5):e227-232. DOI: 10.3109/0142159X.2010.482396.
[8] Yousefy A, Changiz T, Yamani N, et al. Developing a holistic accreditation system for medical universities of the Islamic Republic of Iran[J]. East Mediterr Health J, 2009,15(3):747-756.
[9] Blouin D. Accreditation of canadian undergraduate medical education programs: a study of measures of effectiveness[J]. Acad Med, 2020,95(6):931-937. DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000003065.
[10] Kulasegaram KM, Tonin P, Houston P, et al. Accreditation drives medical education. does evidence drive accreditation?[J]. Med Educ, 2018,52(7):772-773. DOI: 10.1111/medu.13584.
[11] Hays R. The potential impact of the revision of the Basic World Federation Medical Education Standards[J]. Med Teach, 2014,36(6):459-462. DOI: 10.3109/0142159X.2014.907881.
[12] Chatterjee P.Trouble at the medical council of India[J].Lancet,2010,375(9727):1679-1679.DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60720-9.
[13] Norman G. The birth and death of curricula[J]. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract, 2017,22(4):797-801. DOI: 10.1007/s10459-017-9790-1.
[14] Alrebish SA, Jolly BC, Molloy EK. Accreditation of medical schools in Saudi Arabia: a qualitative study[J]. Med Teach, 2017,39(sup1):S1-1S7. DOI: 10.1080/0142159X.2016.1254746.
[15] Akdemir N, Peterson LN, Campbell CM, et al. Evaluation of continuous quality improvement in accreditation for medical education[J]. BMC Med Educ, 2020,20(Suppl 1):308. DOI: 10.1186/s12909-020-02124-2.
[16] Lindgren S, Karle H. Social accountability of medical education: aspects on global accreditation[J]. Med Teach, 2011,33(8):667-672. DOI: 10.3109/0142159X.2011.590246.
[17] Frenk J,Chen L,Bhutta ZA,et al.Health professionals for a new century:transforming education to strengthen health systems in an interdependent world[J]. Lancet,2010,376(9756): 1923-1958.DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61854-5.
[18] Boelen C, Woollard B. Social accountability and accreditation: a new frontier for educational institutions[J]. Med Educ, 2009,43(9):887-894. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03413.x.
[19] Bandiera G, Frank J, Scheele F, et al. Effective accreditation in postgraduate medical education: from process to outcomes and back[J]. BMC Med Educ, 2020,20(Suppl 1):307. DOI: 10.1186/s12909-020-02123-3.
[20] Blouin D, Smith EV. Measuring the continuous quality improvement orientation of medical education programs[J]. Int J Health Care Qual Assur, 2020,ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print)DOI: 10.1108/IJHCQA-06-2019-0102.
[21] Yang EB.Analysis on the performance and tasks of accreditation system for medical colleges[J].J Korean Med Assoc,2008,51(6):586–592.
[22] Bandiera G, Frank J, Scheele F, et al. Effective accreditation in postgraduate medical education: from process to outcomes and back[J]. BMC Med Educ, 2020,20(Suppl 1):307. DOI: 10.1186/s12909-020-02123-3.
[23] Tackett S, Zhang C, Nassery N, et al. Describing the evidence base for accreditation in undergraduate medical education internationally: a scoping review[J]. Acad Med, 2019,94(12):1995-2008. DOI: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000002857.
[24] van Zanten M, Norcini JJ, Boulet JR, et al. Overview of accreditation of undergraduate medical education programmes worldwide[J]. Med Educ, 2008,42(9):930-937. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03092.x.
[25] Karle H.Global standards and accreditation in medical education:a view from the WFME[J].Acad Med,2006,81(12 Suppl): S43-48. DOI:10.1097/01.ACM.0000243383.71047.c4.
