目的 分析本科一年级学生的专业认同度及其影响因素。方法 采用问卷调查方法。2019年11月至2020年1月,选取北京大学医学部2019级本科一批次录取的553名学生(简称学生)为研究对象,采用专业认同度测量问卷,从学生的家庭背景、高考录取情况、报考志愿考虑因素、专业认同度等方面进行调查,对专业认同度进行因子分析后,以专业情感和专业认知2个维度衡量学生的专业认同度。采用多因素协方差分析学生专业认同度的影响因素。结果 学生专业情感维度得分为(3.85±0.79)分,专业认知维度得分为(3.76±0.64)分。学生的就读专业(F=4.39,P<0.01)、家庭人均月收入(F=2.34,P=0.03)、志愿录取情况(F=3.07,P=0.02)以及学校和专业实力(F=76.97,P<0.01)、理想兴趣(F=49.74, P<0.01)、就业情况(F=3.95,P=0.02)、转专业及修读双学位意愿(F=23.42, P<0.01)均对学生专业认同度影响显著。结论 学生专业认同度总体较高,学生的专业认同度受到其就读专业、家庭人均月收入、志愿录取情况以及学校和专业实力、理想兴趣、就业情况和转专业及修读双学位意愿等因素的影响。

Objective To explore the status of professional identification and its influencing factors among medical freshmen. Methods A professional identity measurement questionnaire, conducted among totally 553 freshmen admitted from the first batch of PKUHSC from November 2019 to January 2020. The questionnaire covers family background, admission of college entrance examination,considerations for application and professional identification. After factor analysis, professional identification was measured by two components: professional emotion and professional knowledge. Multivariate analysis of covariance analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors. Results The average factor score was (3.85±0.79) for professional emotion and (3.76±0.64) for professional knowledge. For students admitted from the first batch, major (F=4.39, P<0.01), family income (F=2.34, P=0.03), professional admission (F=3.07, P=0.02), and the motivation of school strength (F=76.97, P<0.01), self interest (F=49.74,P<0.01), employment prospects (F=3.95, P=0.02) and the desire to change major or pursue a double degree (F=23.42,P<0.01) were the independent factors influencing professional identification. Conclusions The freshman medical students have a high degree of professional identity in general. The professional identity of freshmen is influenced by major, family income, professional admission as well as the factors of school strength, self interest, employment prospects and the desire to change major or pursue double degree.