中华医学教育杂志 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 413-418.DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn 115259-20240129-00101

• 人才培养模式 • 上一篇    下一篇

我国高等职业教育专科临床医学专业人才培养方案的比较研究

王冬懿1, 王宁2, 崔东涛2, 马永超3, 王建国3   

  1. 1漯河医学高等专科学校社会科学教学部艺术教研室,漯河 462002;
    2漯河医学高等专科学校教务处教研科,漯河 462002;
    3漯河医学高等专科学校高等教育研究中心,漯河 462002
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-29 出版日期:2026-06-01 发布日期:2026-05-28
  • 通讯作者: 王建国, Email: 156690078@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    河南省教育厅2023年“河南省高校黄大年式教师团队”资助项目(教职成〔2023〕248 号);漯河医学高等专科学校2023年度科技创新项目(2023SK02)

Comparative study on the talent training scheme of clinical medicine programs in vocational colleges in China

Wang Dongyi1, Wang Ning2, Cui Dongtao2, Ma Yongchao3, Wang Jianguo3   

  1. 1Teaching and Research Section of Art, Social Science Teaching Department, Luohe Medical College, Luohe 462002,China;
    2Teaching and Research Office, Teaching Affairs Division, Luohe Medical College, Luohe 462002, China;
    3Higher Education Research Center, Luohe Medical College, Luohe 462002, China
  • Received:2024-01-29 Online:2026-06-01 Published:2026-05-28
  • Contact: Wang Jianguo, Email: 156690078@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    Funding Project for the Huang Danian Style Teacher Team in Henan Province's Universities, Henan Provincial Education Department, 2023 (JiaoZhiCheng [2023] No. 248); 2023 Science and Technology Innovation Project of Luohe Medical College (2023SK02)

摘要: 目的 对2013年和2023年我国高等职业教育专科临床医学专业人才培养方案进行比较分析,为优化人才培养方案和完善相关政策提供依据。方法 2023年,本研究基于13所高等职业院校的专科临床医学专业人才培养方案,采用描述性分析和文献研究法对相关指标进行分析。结果 经过十年发展,2023年推行“1+2”人才培养模式的高职院校由2013年的1所增长为3所;院校平均课程总数由37门增长为46门,平均学时总数从3 093学时增长为3 350学时;同时,仍然有9所院校选修课程学时占总学时数比例低于教学标准规定的10%的最低标准。此外,2023年仍然有10所院校的实习时间少于教学标准规定的1 200学时。体育课程到2023年时仅有6所院校满足国家规定;医学心理学课程从2013年11所院校开设增长为12所,仍然还有1所院校尚未开设。结论 我国高等职业教育专科临床医学专业人才培养方案得到一定优化,但人才培养模式改革进展缓慢,课程结构与学时安排不够合理,实践性教学和美育、劳动教育、心理健康教育、医学人文等课程开设不足,课程定位和实施保障措施仍然不够明确。建议国家教学标准对医学人文等容易被忽视的课程设置给予明确具体的要求,同时相关院校应当严格遵循国家教学标准,创新人才培养模式,规范课程设置,强化实践性教学环节,进一步健全实施保障措施,培养胜任基层卫生岗位的高素质医学人才。

关键词: 临床医学, 专科教育, 人才培养方案, 教学标准, 比较分析

Abstract: Objective This study is to conduct a comparative analysis on the talent training scheme of clinical medicine programs in vocational colleges in China in 2013 and 2023, providing an empirical basis for optimizing talent training schemes and improving relevant policies. Methods In 2023, based on the talent training scheme of clinical medicine programs in 13 vocational colleges, this study used descriptive analysis and literature research methods to analyze relevant indicators. Results Over the past decade, the number of institutions implementing the “1+2” training model increased from 1 in 2013 to 3 in 2023; the average number of courses per institution rose from 37 to 46, and the total instructional hours increased from 3 093 to 3 350. However, 9 institutions still had elective course hours accounting for less than the minimum 10% of total hours specified in the national standards. Moreover, 10 institutions provided fewer than the required 1 200 hours of clinical practice. By 2023, only 6 institutions met national requirements for physical education courses; medical psychology courses increased from 11 institutions in 2013 to 12, with 1 institution still not offering the course. Conclusions The talent training scheme of clinical medicine programs in vocational colleges in China have been partially optimized, but reforms in the training model remain slow. Course structures and instructional hours are not fully rationalized, and practical teaching as well as courses in aesthetics, labor education, mental health, and medical humanities remain insufficient. Course positioning and implementation measures are still unclear. It is recommended that national teaching standards provide explicit requirements for often-overlooked courses such as medical humanities, and that institutions strictly adhere to these standards, innovate training models, standardize course offerings, strengthen practical teaching, and further improve implementation measures to cultivate highly competent medical professionals for primary healthcare.

Key words: Clinical medicine, Vocational education, Talent training scheme, Teaching standards, Contrastive analysis

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